top of page

The Unseen Reach of Wildfire Smoke

Wildfire smoke travels globally, affecting air quality and health. Tiny particles enter lungs, bloodstream & linger for weeks.

Ava Montini

Feb 12, 2025

Written by 

Published on

Tags

The Smoke We Cannot Escape


Wildfires have long been a force of nature, shaping landscapes and ecosystems for millennia. But in recent years, their intensity and frequency have surged, fueled by rising global temperatures and prolonged drought conditions. The impact of these fires extends far beyond the visible destruction of forests and homes. Their invisible consequence—wildfire smoke—travels thousands of kilometers, infiltrating cities, homes, and even the bodies of people who may never see a flame.


The microscopic particles in wildfire smoke, known as particulate matter (PM), pose one of the greatest health threats from these disasters. They are not just an inconvenience or a temporary blight on air quality; they represent a serious, often underappreciated, global health crisis.


The Anatomy of Wildfire Smoke: What’s in the Air We Breathe?



At first glance, wildfire smoke appears as a dense, ominous haze, carrying with it the distinct scent of burning vegetation. But within that haze lies a complex mixture of gases and tiny particles, many of which are harmful to human health.


Breaking Down Particulate Matter in Wildfire Smoke

Wildfire smoke contains a range of particles of varying sizes, each with distinct effects on human health:


Coarse Particles (PM10)

Particles with diameters of 10 micrometers or smaller. These can cause throat irritation, coughing, and eye discomfort but are typically trapped by the upper respiratory system.


Fine Particles (PM2.5)

Particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller are the most dangerous because they can bypass the body’s natural defense mechanisms, reaching deep into the lungs and even entering the bloodstream (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2023).


Ultrafine Particles (UFPs)

Smaller than 0.1 micrometers, these are even more hazardous as they can infiltrate cells and potentially damage DNA.


The Dangers of PM2.5 Exposure

PM2.5 is particularly concerning due to its ability to cause severe health complications:

  • Lung Damage: Chronic exposure can cause scarring of lung tissue and decreased lung function, particularly in children and elderly populations.

  • Cardiovascular Issues: PM2.5 has been linked to an increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension due to systemic inflammation (American Heart Association, 2022).

  • Neurological Effects: Recent studies suggest that PM2.5 particles may cross the blood-brain barrier, potentially contributing to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2023).

  • Cancer Risk: Many PM2.5 particles contain carcinogenic compounds like benzene and formaldehyde, increasing the likelihood of developing lung and other cancers (National Cancer Institute, 2023).


Toxic Chemical Composition

  • Wildfire smoke contains carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), benzene, formaldehyde, and other carcinogens (World Health Organization, 2022).

  • The exact composition depends on what is burning—trees, vegetation, homes, and even industrial materials can release different toxins.


Smoke Without Borders: The Far-Reaching Effects of Wildfire Pollution



It’s a common misconception that wildfire smoke only affects areas directly adjacent to the fire itself. The reality is much more alarming: smoke travels vast distances, often impacting populations thousands of kilometers away.


In 2023, wildfires in Canada sent smoke as far south as Florida and even across the Atlantic to Europe (NASA Earth Observatory, 2023). This isn’t an isolated event—wildfire smoke from California has been detected in New York, and Siberian wildfires have impacted air quality in Alaska.


Why Does Smoke Travel So Far?

Smoke travels vast distances due to atmospheric transport, where large-scale wind patterns, jet streams, and pressure systems carry it far from its source. High-altitude smoke plumes further contribute to this movement, as intense fires generate their own weather patterns, creating pyrocumulonimbus clouds that inject smoke into the stratosphere, allowing it to spread across continents. Unlike localized pollution sources, wildfire smoke lingers in the atmosphere for weeks, gradually dispersing but remaining hazardous over time.


Strategies for Mitigating Wildfire Smoke Exposure


With wildfires becoming more frequent, protecting against smoke exposure is no longer a seasonal concern—it’s a year-round necessity.


Importance of Filtration and Indoor Air Quality

  • HEPA and Advanced Filtration: Using high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and low-pressure, high-efficiency filtration technologies can effectively remove PM2.5 and harmful gases from indoor environments.

  • HVAC Integration: Homes, schools, and businesses in wildfire-prone areas should consider upgrading HVAC systems to include electromagnetic and carbon filtration, which can significantly reduce the concentration of wildfire pollutants indoors.

  • Portable Air Cleaners: During wildfire events, having standalone air purifiers with activated carbon and HEPA filters can provide localized air quality improvements, especially in homes without central air filtration.

  • Sealing Indoor Spaces: Proper insulation, window sealing, and positive air pressure systems can prevent outdoor smoke from infiltrating indoor spaces, creating a safer breathing environment.


Individual Actions

  • Stay Informed: Monitor air quality indexes (AQI) through resources like AirNow.gov.

  • Limit Outdoor Exposure: On high-smoke days, reduce outdoor activity, especially for children, older adults, and those with respiratory conditions.

  • Wear Protective Masks: N95 or P100 masks filter out fine particles and are significantly more effective than cloth masks.


A Global Challenge Requiring Collective Action

Wildfire smoke is not a localized problem—it is a planetary issue with far-reaching consequences for public health and the environment. As climate change accelerates, wildfires will only grow in scale and intensity, making it crucial to acknowledge the real risks posed by airborne pollutants and take action to protect communities worldwide.


Understanding wildfire smoke’s movement, composition, and health effects is the first step in mitigating its dangers. While technological advances and policy interventions are essential, awareness and individual preparedness remain our best defense. As we move forward, we must rethink how we manage forests, protect air quality, and safeguard human health in an era where wildfires no longer recognize borders.

Achieving Green Building Standards Certifications with Superior Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Practices

Writer's picture: Jennifer CrowleyJennifer Crowley
Industrial Worker duo checking IAQ meaurements
Transparent reporting of IAQ data enables building managers to make data-driven decisions and implement targeted interventions to improve indoor air quality over time.

Welcome to Blade's latest blog post, where we explore the critical intersection of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and green building standards. As leaders in air quality solutions, we understand the importance of creating sustainable and healthy indoor environments. In this comprehensive review, we'll delve into how compliance with advanced green building standards, such as the WELL Building Standard and RESET, can significantly enhance IAQ in commercial spaces.

 

Understanding Green Building Standards:

Green building standards aim to promote sustainability, energy efficiency, and occupant well-being in the built environment. They encompass a range of criteria related to building design, construction, operation, and maintenance. While traditional green building standards focus primarily on energy efficiency and environmental impact, advanced standards like WELL and RESET prioritize occupant health and comfort, including IAQ.

 

The WELL Building Standard:

The WELL Building Standard is a performance-based certification system that focuses on enhancing human health and well-being through the built environment. It addresses seven core concepts, including air, water, nourishment, light, fitness, comfort, and mind. Within the air concept, WELL places a strong emphasis on IAQ by setting stringent requirements for indoor air quality parameters, ventilation, filtration, and pollutant control measures.

 

Compliance with the WELL Standard involves implementing strategies to minimize indoor air pollutants, enhance ventilation systems, and promote IAQ monitoring and maintenance practices. By achieving WELL certification, commercial buildings can demonstrate their commitment to providing healthy indoor environments for occupants, leading to improved employee productivity, satisfaction, and overall well-being.

 

The RESET Standard:

RESET is a building certification program focused specifically on indoor air quality monitoring and management. It utilizes real-time monitoring technology to continuously track key IAQ parameters, including particulate matter, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature, and humidity. RESET certification requires adherence to strict IAQ performance criteria and the implementation of proactive measures to maintain healthy indoor air.


By integrating real-time IAQ monitoring systems, commercial buildings can effectively identify IAQ issues, optimize ventilation strategies, and ensure compliance with RESET standards. The transparent reporting of IAQ data enables building managers to make data-driven decisions and implement targeted interventions to improve indoor air quality over time.

 

The Benefits of Green Building Standards for IAQ: 

Compliance with advanced green building standards offers numerous benefits for IAQ in commercial spaces, including:

  • Improved Occupant Health and Comfort: By prioritizing IAQ, green building standards create healthier and more comfortable indoor environments for occupants, reducing the risk of respiratory problems, allergies, and other health issues.

  • Enhanced Productivity and Performance: Good IAQ has been shown to positively impact employee productivity, morale, and cognitive function. By investing in IAQ improvements, businesses can boost overall performance and competitiveness.

  • ·Regulatory Compliance and Recognition: Achieving certification under green building standards demonstrates a commitment to sustainability and occupant well-being, enhancing the reputation and marketability of commercial properties.

 

The intersection of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and green building standards represents a significant opportunity for enhancing occupant health, comfort, and sustainability in commercial spaces. Compliance with advanced standards such as the WELL Building Standard and RESET enables businesses to create healthier indoor environments, improve IAQ performance, and reap numerous benefits, including enhanced occupant well-being and productivity.

 

At Blade, we're committed to supporting businesses in achieving their IAQ and sustainability goals through innovative solutions and expertise. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help your commercial property meet and exceed green building standards while prioritizing IAQ excellence.


Explore expert insights, stay up to date with industry events, and gain a deeper understanding of the cutting-edge developments that are revolutionizing the indoor air quality landscape within Blade Air's comprehensive Insights Hub.

You can also subscribe to our monthly newsletter below for exclusive early access to Blade's Insights content, uncovering tomorrow's air quality advancements before they hit our Hub.

Insights Hub

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consec tetur adipiscing elit. Sit quis auctor 

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet cotetur 

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consec tetur adipiscing elit. Sit quis auctor 

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet cotetur 

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consec tetur adipiscing elit. Sit quis auctor 

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet cotetur 

bottom of page